Depression is classified as a mood disorder and affects people of all ages. However, research shows that teenage girls experience depression at higher rates than boys, particularly between the ages of 12 and 16. While hormonal changes can play a role, other factors such as social pressures, academic stress, body image concerns, and family dynamics also contribute significantly.

Symptoms Of Depression In Teenagers

Depression can manifest differently in each person, but common signs in teenagers include:

✅ Social withdrawal – Avoiding friends, family, and activities they once enjoyed.

✅ Mood changes – Persistent sadness, irritability, or frequent emotional outbursts.

✅ Changes in eating habits – Either overeating or significant loss of appetite.

✅ Sleep disturbances – Insomnia or excessive sleeping.

✅ Declining academic performance – Difficulty concentrating or loss of motivation.

✅ Risk-taking behaviour – Engaging in reckless activities as a form of escapism.

While excessive smartphone use and running away can be responses to emotional distress, they are not direct symptoms of depression but rather potential coping mechanisms.

Causes Of Depression

• Family history: Depression can be passed on genetically. This means that families with a history of depression are more likely to have kids with depression.

• Environment: The environment that a child lives in can influence his or her mood and behaviour. Toxic environments are not good for a person’s mental health.

• Biological & Hormonal Factors: Hormonal changes during puberty and the menstrual cycle can impact mood, sometimes leading to sadness or irritability. In severe cases, **Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder (PMDD)** may heighten depression risk, but hormones alone don’t explain the gender gap in depression rates.

• Emotional Sensitivity & Coping Mechanisms: Research suggests that girls are more likely to internalise stress, leading to symptoms like withdrawal, overthinking, and self-criticism.

• Appearance: Adolescents who have a negative body image, are also more likely to be depressed, anxious, and suicidal than those without dissatisfaction regarding their appearance.

  Final Thoughts

  Depression in teenage girls is a complex issue influenced by biological, psychological, and social factors. Recognising the signs early and offering support, whether through open conversations, counselling, or professional intervention, can make a significant difference in their mental well-being.